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EC-COUNCIL 212-81 Exam covers a wide range of topics, including the history and evolution of encryption, the different types of encryption algorithms, the principles and techniques for key management, and the best practices for implementing encryption in different systems and environments. 212-81 exam is designed to test the candidate’s knowledge and skills in the field of encryption and cryptography and to ensure that they have the necessary skills to design, implement, and manage secure systems that protect sensitive data from unauthorized access and theft. By passing this certification exam, professionals can demonstrate their expertise in the field of encryption and cryptography and increase their career opportunities and earning potential.

To qualify for the EC-COUNCIL 212-81 (Certified Encryption Specialist) Exam, candidates need to have a basic understanding of computer networks, security concepts, and encryption technologies. They should also be familiar with different types of encryption algorithms, their strengths, and weaknesses. 212-81 exam consists of 50 multiple-choice questions and has a duration of 2 hours. Candidates need to score at least 70% to pass the exam and earn the certification. Certified Encryption Specialist certification is valid for three years, after which candidates need to renew it by completing the EC-Council Continuing Education Program (ECE) or retaking the exam. By obtaining this certification, candidates can enhance their career prospects and demonstrate their commitment to staying up-to-date with the latest encryption technologies.

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EC-COUNCIL Certified Encryption Specialist Sample Questions (Q91-Q96):

NEW QUESTION # 91
Which of the following is the successor of SSL?

A. TLS
B. IPSec
C. GRE
D. RSA

Answer: A

Explanation:
TLS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security#History_and_development TLS 1.0 was first defined in RFC 2246 in January 1999 as an upgrade of SSL Version 3.0, and written by Christopher Allen and Tim Dierks of Consensus Development. As stated in the RFC, "the differences between this protocol and SSL 3.0 are not dramatic, but they are significant enough to preclude interoperability between TLS 1.0 and SSL 3.0". Tim Dierks later wrote that these changes, and the renaming from "SSL" to "TLS", were a face-saving gesture to Microsoft, "so it wouldn't look [like] the IETF was just rubberstamping Netscape's protocol".

NEW QUESTION # 92
A part of understanding symmetric cryptography understands the modes in which it can be used. You are explaining those modes to a group of cryptography students. The most basic encryption mode is____________.
The message is divided into blocks, and each block is encrypted separately with no modification to the process.

A. Cipher feedback (CFB)
B. Cipher block chaining (CBC)
C. Output feedback (OFB)
D. Electronic codebook (ECB)

Answer: D

NEW QUESTION # 93
Which of the following is an asymmetric cipher?

A. RSA
B. DES
C. AES
D. RC4

Answer: A

Explanation:
RSA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA_(cryptosystem)
RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) is a public-key cryptosystem that is widely used for secure data transmission. It is also one of the oldest. The acronym RSA comes from the surnames of Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman, who publicly described the algorithm in 1977. An equivalent system was developed secretly, in 1973 at GCHQ (the British signals intelligence agency), by the English mathematician Clifford Cocks. That system was declassified in 1997.
In a public-key cryptosystem, the encryption key is public and distinct from the decryption key, which is kept secret (private). An RSA user creates and publishes a public key based on two large prime numbers, along with an auxiliary value. The prime numbers are kept secret. Messages can be encrypted by anyone, via the public key, but can only be decoded by someone who knows the prime numbers.
Incorrect answers:
DES - is a symmetric-key algorithm for the encryption of digital data. Although its short key length of 56 bits makes it too insecure for applications, it has been highly influential in the advancement of cryptography.
RC4 - RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) is one of the first public-key cryptosystems and is widely used for secure data transmission (stream cipher).
AES - is a subset of the Rijndael block cipher developed by two Belgian cryptographers, Vincent Rijmen and Joan Daemen, who submitted a proposal to NIST during the AES selection process. Rijndael is a family of ciphers with different key and block sizes. For AES, NIST selected three members of the Rijndael family, each with a block size of 128 bits, but three different key lengths: 128, 192 and 256 bits.

NEW QUESTION # 94
With Cipher-block chaining (CBC) what happens?

A. The message is divided into blocks and each block is encrypted separately. This is the most basic mode for symmetric encryption
B. Each block of plaintext is XORed with the previous ciphertext block before being encrypted
C. The cipher text from the current round is XORed with the plaintext for the next round
D. The block cipher is turned into a stream cipher

Answer: B

Explanation:
Each block of plaintext is XORed with the previous ciphertext block before being encrypted
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_mode_of_operation#Cipher_block_chaining_(CBC) In CBC mode, each block of plaintext is XORed with the previous ciphertext block before being encrypted. This way, each ciphertext block depends on all plaintext blocks processed up to that point. To make each message unique, an initialization vector must be used in the first block.

NEW QUESTION # 95
Cylinder tool. Wrap leather around to decode. The diameter is the key. Used in 7th century BC by greek poet Archilochus.

A. Caesar cipher
B. Enigma machine
C. Cipher disk
D. Scytale

Answer: D

Explanation:
Scytale
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scytale
A scytale is a tool used to perform a transposition cipher, consisting of a cylinder with a strip of parchment wound around it on which is written a message. The ancient Greeks, and the Spartans in particular, are said to have used this cipher in 7th century BC to communicate during military campaigns.
The recipient uses a rod of the same diameter on which the parchment is wrapped to read the message. It has the advantage of being fast and not prone to mistakes-a necessary property when on the battlefield. It can, however, be easily broken. Since the strip of parchment hints strongly at the method, the ciphertext would have to be transferred to something less suggestive, somewhat reducing the advantage noted.
Incorrect answers:
Cipher disk - is an enciphering and deciphering tool developed in 1470 by the Italian architect and author Leon Battista Alberti. He constructed a device, (eponymously called the Alberti cipher disk) consisting of two concentric circular plates mounted one on top of the other. The larger plate is called the "stationary" and the smaller one the "moveable" since the smaller one could move on top of the "stationary".
Enigma machine - is an encryption device developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial, diplomatic and military communication. It was employed extensively by Nazi Germany during World War II, in all branches of the German military.
Caesar cipher - (also known as Caesar's cipher, the shift cipher, Caesar's code or Caesar shift) is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. For example, with a left shift of 3, D would be replaced by A, E would become B, and so on. The method is named after Julius Caesar, who used it in his private correspondence.

NEW QUESTION # 96
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